API stands for application program interface. It provides access to programs, processes, functions, and services. HTTP is the most often used protocol in APIs, along with the REST design. REST developers write code that is simple to comprehend. They and others understand which language will be used, how functions operate, which arguments may be utilized, and so on.
Swagger, WADL, and RAML are popular API development frameworks. When developing, developers should create a "API Contract" that outlines how the API services should be used.
Programming was like the Wild West before this standardization. Developers allowed access to their code in whichever way they saw fit, and it was difficult to build and make public services available since there were so many different methods to write. The earliest attempt at standardization was SOAP, but REST is currently the dominating player.
Programming was like the wild west before API standardization. API testing is becoming critical.
Why APIs Must Be Functionally Tested and Why GUI Testing Is Insufficient
API testing results in more dependable code. Historically, though, testing was done at the GUI level. When a developer finished their job, they handed it over to the QA engineer. Because the engineers had a limited amount of time, they decided to test the code at the highest level possible - the GUI. This would include both frontend and backend development.
This works for manual testing and early automated testing, but not for agile and continuous testing. GUI testing is too fragile, and GUI automation scripts are prone to breaking. Moreover, teams cannot wait until the entire system is upgraded and the GUI is complete before testing.
In the age of agile, testing must be done at the API level. Developers can even accomplish it on their own. Because of "API contracts," API tests can even be written before development is complete. As a result, developers may check their code using pre-written tests (aka Test Driven Development).
The Functional API Testing Competition
Despite its obvious relevance, API testing is not always carried out. Agile developers just do not have the time. Developers typically only code one day per week, with the rest of their time spent on testing, documentation, validation, and meetings. So they attempt to do hardening sprints (which isn't really agile, is it?) with manual testing, but it simply takes too long. It's quite tough to perform functional API testing in the two weeks that you also need to create, test, verify, and document.
Automated Functional Testing - The API Functional Testing Solution
API testing, functional api testing, and api functional testing
API testing automation speeds up development and frees up developers' time to do other things like create code. Automating also makes it easier to cover the entire spectrum of tests: positive, negative, edge case, SQL injection, and so on. Then all parameters and permutations are evaluated, nothing is left to chance. Agile development teams attempting to test their APIs may test one or two positive test flows, or one positive and one negative, and declare success. However, this is not complete API testing and exposes the release to unnecessary risk because many variations are overlooked and full validation is not performed.
Assume an API accepts an author's name and a book release date. A positive flow will put the name and date to the test to determine if they function. The API will function after the answer has been correctly received. Supposedly.
But what about the negatives and outliers? Inserting a proper date but no book, modifying the date format, inserting a correct date format for a year that doesn't exist, adding a lengthy name, inserting SQL code that provides data to the DB, and so forth. These are only a handful of the numerous versions that must be evaluated despite the fact that they are not covered by the contract.
Developers and testers require a simple method for creating tests that address all of these characteristics. Look for a solution that can accept your Swagger or other framework files, thoroughly test them in accordance with your API contract, and execute them as part of your Continuous Integration process. This allows you to concentrate on writing solid, long-lasting code.
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